ASE 2025 Annual Conference

This session will explore how plant contexts can enrich the teaching of microscopy. It will discuss the challenges students face when learning microscopy and suggest ways in which these can be overcome. The starting point will be about relating what we see under a microscope to the ‘everyday’ world around us, followed by looking beyond the power of the naked eye. It will discuss the development of students’ understanding of both microscopy procedures (e.g. staining) and interpretation of what we see under the microscope (e.g. a 3-D optical slice).
You’ll see plants in a new light and leave with concrete ideas to use in your teaching.

The Daffodil DNA Project continues to grow organically as schools wish to bring cutting-edge science into the classroom. This session will share the project journey, the impacts on students, teachers and scientists, and the scientific outputs achieved by these collaborations.

In response to a crisis in recruitment of physics teachers, the DfE expanded those eligible for a bursary enrol on teacher education courses to include international candidates applying for physics teacher education courses. By 2024 the expansion of the physics bursary resulted in a exponential increase in the number of international candidates applying to science PGCE programmes. This significant increase masks the decline in home students applying for courses that lead to qualified teacher status as a science teacher
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These changes highlight a major shift in the diversity of our preservice teachers, mirrored across all institutions involved in this project.

This shift compels us to reflect on and address the impact of our colonial heritage on our teaching practices. Yet, recent policy developments such as the Core Content Framework and the Early Career Framework require us, as teacher educators, to prioritize research-informed methods, which risk perpetuating a white westernised curriculum.

To gain new insights that ensure our practices as teacher educators are inclusive and welcoming of diverse pedagogies, we summarize the findings of two research projects:
In the first half of our presentation, we discuss a research project led by Dan Cottle which investigated the experiences of international preservice teachers on PGCE courses across England. We include ECTs on this proposal to centre their voices and gain greater insight into their experiences on their teacher education courses and ECT positions. We as teacher educators proactively use this research to construct ongoing conversations which informs our ongoing practice and support.
Consequently, in the second half of our presentation, we will explore how these discussions prompted us as a group of teacher educators to construct a collaborative self-study to critically examine our practice as a group of science teacher educators. In creating this project, we aim to discover how adopting self-study research techniques could improve our practice as white teacher educators in British universities. As an outcome of our self-study research we construct a guidance document for fellow teacher educators supporting a diverse cohort of preservice teachers.

By attending this presentation, delegates will:
•Gain a deeper understanding of the experiences of international students during their PGCE and ECT courses.
•Examine how to effectively support international students succeed in UK as a science teacher.
•Discuss inclusive strategies when working with a diverse cohort of students.
•Reflect upon the value self-study research, as a technique that can revolutionise any teaching practice.
Due to current government initiatives aimed at addressing the science teacher recruitment crisis, it is imperative that the entire teaching community critically reflect on how they welcome and support an increasingly international audience of preservice teachers.

How far can we go: Benefits of International Collaboration – based on a Bulgarian experience.
The presenters will describe their research project, which was carried out in collaboration by academics from the UK and Bulgaria and an International education consultant all of whom are members of the ASE. This project came about from cooperation which developed at recent ASE conferences in Sheffield and Northampton.
Our project title was ‘Towards a pedagogy of learning: investigating how the changes in pedagogy impact the teaching and learning of science in Bulgarian secondary schools.’

The Research questions were:

-What are the pedagogical changes in science education in secondary schools since 2020 and how does it align with the government's aims for teaching in schools in Bulgaria?

-Is there evidence that the changes to online pedagogy improve students’ engagement and attitude to learning in science classrooms?

-To what extent is inquiry learning promoted among secondary schools in Bulgaria and its impact on teaching and learning?

Exploring the challenges faced by science education at the secondary school level in Bulgaria has been a collaborative passion that the researchers shared and decided to investigate. The challenges range from issues of curricula improvement, assessments and teacher professional development as they may impact how students are assessed in their learning. For example, students in Bulgaria perform lower than their peers across all subjects in OECD countries in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), such as in reading and science (OECD, 2019). The OECD advises that to sustain growth alongside a shrinking working-age population, Bulgaria will need to improve investment in education to address skill mismatches and ensure that more young people are prepared to succeed in the labour markets of the future. This has become imminent given that the recent COVID-19 made issues worse.

The research is mixed method and data will be collected through interviews, questionnaires and lesson observations and analysed appropriately.
The presenters will discuss their findings and possible ideas for improving science learning in classrooms and laboratories. This is a chance to be involved in a collaborative learning opportunity and learn from the amazing skills and knowledge of the ASE community. You are welcome to attend this presentation and learn as well as share your knowledge and experience with newer members of the profession. Delegates will have an opportunity to discuss successful ways of

•increasing student motivation and engagement
•effectively carrying out practical activities with limited space and resources
•using new technologies in science learning

In addition, analysis of the professional and personal benefits of international experiences will be considered and suggestions made for resources and opportunities for schools who would like to globalise their curriculum and teachers, advisers, trainers and leaders who would like to expand their horizons. This study addresses some of the UNSDGs such as 1 (no poverty), 2 (zero hunger), 4 (quality education), 8 (decent work and economic growth) and 9 (industry, innovation and infrastructure).

"Borderless Microchemistry", stemming from the fusion of the UK's student-centric approach and the strategic use of microscale experiments, transcends national borders, offering a model for European educators. The comparative analysis between the Bulgarian and the British educational system serves as a microcosm, revealing challenges and presenting a flexible framework for science education on an international scale. At its core is its adaptability to diverse contexts, addressing common challenges faced by schools across Europe with limited resources. Microscale investigations requiring minimal resources can become a guide for educators seeking effective, resource-conscious strategies.

This project, emerging from the synthesis of the UK's student-centric approach and the strategic use of microscale experiments, transcends national boundaries, offering a blueprint for educators across Europe. The comparative analysis between the educational systems in Bulgaria and the UK serves as a microcosm, shedding light on challenges faced by diverse nations and providing a versatile framework to enhance science education on an international scale.

A cornerstone of this project is its adaptability to various contexts and settings. The microscale investigation, designed for implementation with minimal resources, aligns seamlessly with the realities confronted by schools across Europe. Common challenges, such as limited access to equipment, chemicals, and dedicated laboratory spaces, find innovative solutions within this project. It becomes a beacon of hope for educators seeking effective, resource-conscious strategies that can be tailored to their specific environments.

In this student-focused initiative, participants utilise samples of metals, salts, acids, hot and cold water, as well as alkali solutions to conduct an investigation. The primary aim is to discover which of the provided metals exhibits the highest reactivity. This hands-on approach empowers students to harness their investigative skills and apply the scientific method. Working in small teams, they independently plan the investigation, formulate predictions or hypotheses, select variables, and meticulously collect and analyse data.

Crucially, the project places a strong emphasis on cultivating transferable skills like analytical thinking, critical analysis, and teamwork. These skills, honed through the practical application of the scientific method, transcend cultural and linguistic boundaries. In an era where global collaboration is paramount, fostering these skills is not merely about preparing students for scientific endeavours but equipping them to navigate the complexities of an interconnected world. Teachers from diverse European countries can adopt and adapt these pedagogical approaches, contributing to the development of a generation capable of thriving in an international landscape.
The project's integration of environmentally conscious practices aligns with the growing global awareness of sustainability, a value deeply ingrained in the European commitment to environmental responsibility. By showcasing eco-friendly methodologies, such as the use of microscale experiments to minimize chemical waste, the project resonates with educators seeking to incorporate sustainable practices into their teaching methodologies.

Studies into the teaching practices of expert Biology Teachers is an under explored area of research. The aim of this session is to provide new insights into the classroom practices of expert biology teachers, in moments where they are supporting students in grasping the big ideas. The session draws on the work powerful knowledge, the nature of science and the idea of biological "know-how" knowledge to describe approach to exploring and describing the powerful teaching practices of expert Biology teachers. Importantly, the study explores inter-disciplinary moments in a biology classroom where concepts from chemistry, mathematics and physics are incorporate by an expert biology teacher and made to respond to a big idea in biology.  As a result, the session provides new insights into how we understand the work of expert Biology teachers. Concluding with a series of recommendations for the development of professional knowledge of biology teachers, with implications for the other sciences too.